Arbutin is a glycoside phyto-chemical extracted from bearberries, among many other medicinal plants that also contain it. Applied topically, it strongly inhibits tyrosinase and thus prevents the darkening of melanin.

Alpha-Arbutin is a much more complex engineered form of arbutin, obtained from the cross linking of the glycoside with one hydroxyl molecule (= oxygen + hydrogen) to form a faster penetrating ingredient. A fast penetration is key for a deep impact on skin, before arbutin is degraded by skin’s own enzymes, and loses power.

We use it at the highest possible concentration of 2% as opposed to the standard concentration of less than 1%.

Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body. This multi-purpose ingredient not only increases facial tautness, but it is also an absolute powerhouse of skin nutrition. It is comprised of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, polysaccharides and lipids, all essential for healthy skin tissue. Marine collagen peptides regulate the activity of fibroblasts and stimulate production of both collagen and hyaluronic acid.

This antioxidant enzyme, obtained from a natural yeast, is known to slow down the aging process and reverse signs of aging in the skin. It has been proven to correct cellular damage caused by the cumulative effects of photo exposure – natural UV and artificial lighting.

Tranexamic acid is a generic pharmaceutical drug, mostly used as a haemostatic agent to stop blood loss in various medical contexts. Recently, it has been used in skincare products and therapies to address post-inflammatory states, including: over-pigmentation after sun exposure, dark spots, acne, and post-operative delicate skin following laser treatments.

Snow mushroom extract (Tremella fuciformis) is an edible white mushroom that protects skin from oxidation caused by pollution stress.